per ASTM D257
The fixtures shown below can measure surface and volume Resistivity of solids, rubbers, plastics and many other electrical substrates. The fixtures can measure materials from low ohms to many Gig-ohms.
The photos above show the surface and volume resistivity fixtures manufactured by ESS. One fixture utilizes internal measurement electrodes. The top cover is a flat copper or aluminum plate used when measuring Volume Resistivity. The top cover has a fixed 10lb weight for repeatable top pressure during testing. The two other fixtures allow us to test a variety of test samples (length, width, etc.) Overall, all three of the test fixtures function based on the same principles.